In 1937, John Maynard Keynes gave a lecture on “Some Economic Consequences of a Declining Population”. Many at the time felt the world was overpopulated and fewer people could only be a good thing, a view that Keynes himself shared. But the purpose of his lecture was to issue a warning: declining populations come with nasty economic side effects.
1937年，約翰?梅納德?凱恩斯(John Maynard Keynes)寫了《人口縮減的若干經濟后果》(Some Economic Consequences of a Declining Population)，告誡人們注意這個問題。當時許多人覺得世界人口過剩，人口減少只會是件好事，凱恩斯自己也這么看。然而，他的文章是為了發出警告：人口減少附帶有嚴重的經濟副作用。
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